BRAIN: the CPU of Human Beings

The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertabrate animals—only a few invertebrates such as sponges and jellyfishes , even if diffuse neural tissue is present. Physiologically, the function of the brain is to exert centralized control over the other organs of the body. The brain acts on the rest of the body both by generating patterns of muscle activity and by driving secretion of chemicals called hormones. This centralized control allows rapid and coordinated responses to changes in the environment. Some basic types of responsiveness such as reflexes can be mediated by the spinal cord or peripheral ganglia, but sophisticated purposeful control of behavior based on complex sensory input requires the information-integrating capabilities of a centralized brain.


Lobes of the Brain: 

1. Frontal lobe—conscious thought; damage can result in mood changes, social differences, etc. The frontal lobes are the most uniquely human of all the brain structures.
2. Parietal lobe—plays important roles in integrating sensory information from various senses, and in the manipulation of objects; portions of the parietal lobe are involved with visuospatial processing
3. Occipital lobe—sense of sight; lesions can produce hallucinations
4. Temporal lobe—senses of smell and sound, as well as processing of complex stimuli like faces and scenes.
5. Limbic lobe—emotion, memory

Philosophical Assumptions

This blog is about the Philosophical Assumptions of Psychology. Everyday we hear arguments and debates about something which is true of not or something which is best or worst. In this cases, we always come up with unexplained answers or an unanswered questions. We Psychologists are to find out which is really true or not; which is best for us or the worst things for us. 


Freedom vs Determinism:

There is a saying; "We are FREE to do EVERYTHING we want". Are we really free to do everything? Are human beings free to make moral decisions and act upon them, or are they "determined" by forces both outside and within them over which they have no control, so that what they think are free decisions and actions are in fact not so? Freedom and Determinism are incompatible with each other. Freedom of choosing the right decisions for us sometimes make others determine to limit us from our decisions.  This has been a debate to Psychologists over the centuries. Which is really best for us, our own free will or to limit our free will and determine what is right or wrong?


Heredity vs Environment

Another question has remained unanswered for us. Heredity and Environment have to differences. For example,some say homosexuals are inherited, some say male and female become homosexuals because of the influence of others. What about the skills and talent of people? Are they inherited or learned from others? No one knows. Somehow it depends upon the person. 


Uniqueness vs Universality

Is one person unique or he/she is the same from others? 

Human Development: The Making OF

We humans that lived in this world have a saying: we are born, we live and we die. As a matter of fact, these three is just a part of life. Before we are born,  95 millions of sperm cells from our father were released to travel to the egg cell of our mother; it is amazing that you and me are one of those 95 million sperm cells.

Our physical features like the eyes, nose, lips, skin color were inherited from our parents. We also inherited some of their talents,skills and abilities that make us who we are. But who would have thought that influences and the environment can affect us, make us do something against our own will. 

Today, there is homosexuality; In Psychology, there is a debate between heredity and environment. Some say that homosexuals came from the a genetic disorder called "Klinefelters". On the other hand, some say homosexuality came from the influence of other homosexuals. For instance, homosexuality has grown over the years, dominating from one place to another.If I were ask  by someone of where did the homosexuals came from, I say that they don't know how to accept who they really are. How does a man become a gay if he has a male reproductive system; how does a woman become a lesbian if she has a female reproductive system.

Having a child would be difficult because sometimes, newborn babies have abnormalities and disorders like turner syndrome and down syndrome. For twins, sometimes are born as siamese or "conjoined".  It depends on our parents if they will sacrifice one or will accept them both. But for our parents, having a child is the greatest gift they could ever have; their happiness has no limits.

As a matter of fact; There are different stages in life; when a sperm cell and a egg cell meet, we become an ovum and develop into an embryo. As we grow inside of our mother, we become a fetus. As our mother give us birth, we are called as infants or babies. For years, we develop from our childhood; we develop our physical features on the body called puberty. When we become teenagers, we are in a stage called Adolescence. 10 years from our teenage years, we become adults; As adults, we are capable of deciding our own decisions and becoming more than we dream of. As we grow older, there we become a middle age to an old age person until we die. We, as human beings, should accept death because it is only a part of life.

If you want to continue your legacy, there 3 ways of immortality; plant a tree, write a book and bear a son.

Plant a tree means plan your life; Write a book means write all your knowledge, your wisdom and share it with others and; Bear a son for he will carry your name for many generations.

the World of Psychology

Every hour, every minute and every second of life; we meet people with different kinds of personalities and attitudes, and  because of this, people are most likely to have experience different kinds of situations; situations that even themselves cannot understand. As a student of psychology, we are not to judge people but to listen, ask questions and understand the roots of their situations.


Psychology comes from the greek words "Psyche" and "Logos" meaning the study of mind,  soul/spirit and behavior. They are subdivided into 5 schools: Structuralism, Functionalism, Psychoanalysis, Gestalt and Behaviorism. Structuralism was founded by Edward B. Titchener, it focuses on the STRUCTURE of the brain and its parts. On the other hand, Functionalism focuses on the FUNCTION of the brain and its parts. Psychoanalysis is a set of psychological and psychotherapeutic theories and associated techniques, originally popularised by Austrian physician Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalysis tells the reason for our activities everyday. It distinguish our personalities that we haven't know or feel yet. Gestalt is another branch of psychology that tells about the essence or shape of an entity's whole and complete form. Lastly, there is Behaviorism; it focuses on the behavior of one person. Under Behaviorism, we have types of behavior, these are: Overt means obvious, Covert means hypocracy, Conscious means aware , Unconscious means unaware, Rational means reasonable, Irrational means unreasonable, Voluntary means free will and Involuntary means forced against his or her own will. 


In Psychology, there is also what they call areas of Psychology. These are Physiological, Comparative, Genetic, Experimental, Cognitive, Developmental, Personality, Abnormal, Clinical, Counseling,  Education, Social and Industrial. Psychology is applicable to different branches of sciences. These are Physiology, Anthropology, Sociology and  History.




Psychologists,like us, study these field because of the help we can give to the people to make them understand that the world we live in can be better than the world we left behind.